0 Linux Commands

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1️⃣ Command Categories

• Internal (shell built-in)
  • cd, pwd, echo
• External (binary in PATH)
  • cp, mv, rm, uptime
• Check type:
  • type cd
  • which cp

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2️⃣ Your City Style Directory View

flowchart TD
  R["/ (root)"] --> H["/home"]
  H --> U["/home/coderom"]
  U --> A["asia"]
  A --> I["india"]
  I --> M["mumbai"]
  I --> P["pune"]

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3️⃣ Core Commands

• Where am I? → pwd
• Create city folder
  • mkdir mumbai
  • mkdir -p india/mumbai ⚠️ creates parents if missing
• Travel (navigate)
  • cd /home/coderom/asia/india/mumbai (absolute path)
  • cd mumbai (relative path)
• Copy city files/folders
  • cp city.txt pune/
  • cp -r mumbai/ pune/ ⚠️ -r is required for folders
• Move/Rename city
  • mv mumbai/ pune/ (move)
  • mv mumbai pune (rename)
• Remove
  • rm city.txt
  • rm -r pune/ [⚠️ -r needed for folders]
• View file
  • cat city.txt
  • less city.txt 💡 scroll friendly
  • more city.txt 💡 page by page

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4️⃣ LS Flags, simple view

Command	Meaning
ls -l	details
ls -a	hidden files
ls -lt	newest first
ls -ltr	oldest first

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