1. Access Modifiers

Access Modifiers

• private → only my class
• default → my package
• protected → my package + subclasses
• public → everyone

class User {
    private String password;     // only User
 
    String name;                 // default → same package
 
    protected int age;           // package + subclasses
 
    public void login() { }      // anywhere
}

Why packages?

1. Organization → group related classes
2. Avoid name conflicts → two packages can have User classes
3. Access control → works with the default and protected access modifiers
4. Maintainability → keeps large projects structured

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